http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/33 2026-04-05T21:15:36Z 2026-04-05T21:15:36Z Onubi, Jeremiah Adeola, Oluwagbenga Adebayo Eseigbe, Patricia Elisha, Adesegun Harrison, Christian C. Nwankwo, Chizoba G. Chima, Anyuku A.G. http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2875 2024-09-23T13:05:48Z 2024-08-01T00:00:00Z

Levels and Predictors of Unsuppressed Viremia among People Living with HIV on ART in an Urban Population of North-Central Nigeria: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study. Onubi, Jeremiah; Adeola, Oluwagbenga Adebayo; Eseigbe, Patricia; Elisha, Adesegun; Harrison, Christian C.; Nwankwo, Chizoba G.; Chima, Anyuku A.G. Achieving viral suppression is crucial for the effective management of HIV. We investigated the prevalence and predictors of unsuppressed viremia among adults living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the urban city of Jos, Plateau State, North-central Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 2,748 PLHIV, comprising 1,902 females (69.2%) and 846 males (30.8%). The majority (71.0%) were aged 36-55 years. Most participants (88.1%) were on the first-line ART regimen tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-lamivudine-dolutegravir (TDF+3TC+DTG), with 6.0% on second-line regimens. The prevalence of unsuppressed viremia (viral load >1,000 copies/mL) was assessed, and predictors were identified using chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses. Overall prevalence of unsuppressed viremia was 4.0% (110 participants), with higher proportions among males (5.6%) compared to females (3.3%) and among those aged 18-35 years (7.9%) compared to other age groups. PLHIV on first-line TDF+3TC+DTG ART had the lowest level of unsuppressed viremia (2.6%). Chi-square tests revealed significant associations between unsuppressed viremia and gender (χ2=7.67, p=0.01), age group (χ2=13.19, p=0.01), and ART regimen (χ2=110.97, p=0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression identified males (AOR=1.69; 95% CI: 1.12-2.56), younger age groups (18-35 years: AOR=12.96; 95% CI: 2.12-79.09 and 36-45 years: AOR=12.84; 95% CI: 3.70-44.64), and non-TDF+3TC+DTG regimens as significant predictors of unsuppressed viremia. The study highlights the effectiveness of the TDF+3TC+DTG regimen and the need for targeted interventions to address disparities in viral suppression, particularly among males and younger individuals. These findings are crucial for optimizing HIV treatment strategies and improving health outcomes for PLHIV in urban areas of low-and-middle-income countries.

2024-08-01T00:00:00Z Onubi, Jeremiah Adeola, Oluwagbenga Adebayo Eseigbe, Patricia Elisha, Adesegun Sheyin, Grace Chima, Anyuku A.G. http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2874 2024-09-23T13:04:56Z 2024-09-01T00:00:00Z

Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Depression among People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Antiretroviral Therapy at a University Teaching Hospital in a Nigerian Cosmopolitan City. Exploratory Research and Hypothesis in Medicine Onubi, Jeremiah; Adeola, Oluwagbenga Adebayo; Eseigbe, Patricia; Elisha, Adesegun; Sheyin, Grace; Chima, Anyuku A.G. Background and objectives: Depression can lead to poor outcomes during antiretroviral therapy, and current evidence suggests high rates of depression among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV), especially in low-and middle-income countries. This study was designed to investigate the sociodemographic factors associated with depression among PLHIV on antiretroviral therapy in a Nigerian cosmopolitan city. Methods: A hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 592 consenting, randomly selected adult PLHIV receiving treatment at a university teaching hospital in Jos, Nigeria, in 2022, using the PHQ-9 questionnaire and an intervieweradministered sociodemographic questionnaire. Associated variables in univariate analysis were used in multivariable binary logistic regression to obtain adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with a significance level set at α = 0.05. Results: Depression was found to be highly prevalent among study participants, with 44.9% of them affected. Findings revealed that being male [AOR = 0.62; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.42–0.92], being employed (AOR = 0.55; 95%CI: 0.31–0.97), and earning a monthly income of ₦50,000–100,000 ($65–130) (AOR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.27–0.91) and >₦100,000–200,000(>$130–260) (AOR = 0.33; 95% CI: 0.13–0.77) were significantly associated with reduced odds of depression. Conclusions: The significant association of being male, having formal employment, and earning a moderate monthly income with reduced odds of depression may have implications for policy and strategies for managing mental health issues among PLHIV in cosmopolitan areas like Jos, which face peculiar challenges such as cultural tensions, traffic congestion, and gentrification. PLHIV categories with a relatively higher likelihood of depression may benefit from targeted mental health support systems, in addition to other mental health management strategies generally available to PLHIV.

2024-09-01T00:00:00Z Adeola, Oluwagbenga Adebayo Adeniji, Johnson A. http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2873 2024-09-23T13:04:14Z 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z

Prevalence of antibodies to influenza viruses among handlers of live pigs at three locations in Ibadan, Nigeria Adeola, Oluwagbenga Adebayo; Adeniji, Johnson A. The authors investigated the prevalence of haemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies to four strains of influenza viruses among handlers of live pigs in Ibadan, Nigeria. Venous blood specimens were collected from thirty pig handlers (out of a total of forty-eight) at three locations in Ibadan in April and May 2008. The overall prevalence of antibodies to influenza viruses was 100%, while those of influenza A and B viruses were 68.3% and 58.3%, respectively. The prevalence of influenza A/Brisbane/59/2007 (H1N1), A/Brisbane/10/2007 (H3N2), B/Shanghai/361/2002-like and B/Malaysia/2506/2004-like was 46.7%, 90.0%, 76.7% and 40.0%, respectively. A total of 96.7% (n = 30) of pig handlers tested had polytypic influenza antibody reactions. This is the first report to document the prevalence of influenza antibodies among pig handlers in Nigeria and shows that humans who have regular and direct contact with live pigs in Ibadan are exposed to different strains of influenza viruses.

2010-01-01T00:00:00Z Olugasa, Babasola O. Odeniyi, Adebayo O. Adeogun, Aina O. Adeola, Oluwagbenga Adebayo http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2872 2024-09-23T13:03:14Z 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z

Antibody levels against rabies among occupationally exposed individuals in a Nigerian University Olugasa, Babasola O.; Odeniyi, Adebayo O.; Adeogun, Aina O.; Adeola, Oluwagbenga Adebayo The authors investigated the levels of anti-glycoprotein antibodies against rabies virus in the sera of occupationally exposed humans at the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. A quantitative indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect rabies virus anti-glycoprotein antibodies in sera from 20 zoological garden workers, 20 veterinarians and 30 clinical veterinary students at the University of Ibadan. The sera were obtained between September 2008 and February 2009. Of these 70 healthy individuals, 29 (41.4%) consisting of 15 zoological garden workers (75.0%), 13 veterinarians (65.0%) and 1 veterinary student (3.3%) were immune to rabies virus (antibody titre > or =0.5 equivalent units per ml), while 41 (58.6%) were not immune. The prevalence of rabies anti-glycoprotein antibody was higher within the older segment of the study population than among the younger veterinary students. Almost all those who had spent at least 10 years on the job had higher levels of rabies vaccination compliance and were immune. Our results indicated that there is low anti-rabies immunity among occupationally exposed individuals at the University of Ibadan. There is a need for a complete course of primary and booster vaccinations of professionals exposed to the rabies virus. The impact of these results on rabies control in Nigeria is discussed.

2010-01-01T00:00:00Z