http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/922 Conference Papers from the department. 2026-04-05T21:15:45Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1872 Application of Silicified Microcrystalline Cellulose in the formulation of Metronidazole Tablets ALFA, John The influence of Silicified Microcystalline Cellulose on the powder, compaction and tableting properties of metronidazole was investigated. The study employed a medium grade of Silicifed Microcystalline Cellulose, commercially available as Prosolv SMCC<R) 90. Prosolv is a product, which resulted from co-processing of Microcrystalline Cellulose with colloidal Silicon dioxide. A similar grade of regular Microcystalline Cellulose (Emcocel) was used as reference. The bulk densities, Hausner quotient (Hf), Compressibility Index (CI) and angle of repose of formulations containing the drug and polymers were evaluated. Compacts of the amoebicidal drug, containing different concentrations of Prosolv or Emcocel within the range of 10 to 30 % w/w were made at compression forces between 20 to 30 KN. The compression and friability profiles of the compacts were evaluated. The flow behaviour of the DrugrProsolv mixtures was improved, with increase in poured bulk density of the drug, while angle of repose and compressibility index parameters decreased. Metronidazole formulations containing 25 % w/w of Prosolv had lower CI and Hf values than those made with 30 % w/w Emcocel. The crushing strength of the compacts increased with concentration of the polymers at all the compression forces used. At similar concentrations of the polymers, compacts of the formulations containing Prosolv exhibited higher crushing strength at the same compression pressure. Compacts of metronidzole containing 20 to 25 % of Prosolv exhibited disintegration and friability profiles comparable to those made with 30 % Emcocel. Prosolv may serve as a first choice excipient in direct compression formulation of metronidazole tablets, especially from mechanical and economic viewpoints. 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1577 Bioequivalence Assay of Different Brands of Ciprofloxacin ALFA, John B a c k g r o u n d a n d O b j e c t i v e s : Ciprofloxacin is among the three most popularly prescribed antibiotics in Nigeria with plethora of brands and branded generics, some of which are of questionable integrity. This study determined the level of pharmaceutical equivalence and by inference the bioequivalence of different commercial brands of ciprofloxacin tablets marketed in Karu area of Nasarawa State. Methods: An innovator brand and five others of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride 500mg tablets were subjected to different assays by means of UV-Vis, HPLC analysis and anti-microbial screening. Results: The results of the UV-Vis analysis showed highest peak of absorbance (0.49528), at 276nm for brand A, and 280nm for brands B, C, D, E, and F. The HPLC study indicated the retention time for brands A, B, and C as 1.781 minutes, and brand D, E, and F as 1.782 minutes. All the brands passed UV-Vis and HPLC analysis which is in line with the pure ciprofloxacin used as standard. Brand B exhibited the lowest efficacy against different strains of bacteria with 102 and 195 bacteria colonies at 3.125mg/ml, and 1.5625mg/ml concentrations compared to brand C, D, E and F with bacteria colonies in the range of 2 and, 8 to 6 and 21 at 3 . 1 2 5 m g / m l , a n d 1 . 5 6 2 5 m g / m l respectively. Conclusion and recommendations: he different brands of ciprofloxacin showed high level of pharmaceutical equivalence. The antimicrobial activity of brand B was grossly suboptimal and not acceptable. Quality assessment of ciprofloxacin may be essential to recommending the brands in therapeutic interventions. john.alfa@binghamuni.edu.ng 2023-08-14T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1576 MOSQUITO REPELLANTPROPENSITY OF LEMONGRASS EMUGEL ALFA, John Background: The use of mosquito repellants seats amongst the strategies for malaria eradication program but the predominantly available ones are synthetic with some risk of toxicity or side effects. This investigation is aimed at deriving mosquito repellant fromless risky natural source; lemongrass. Methods: Lemon grass extract was obtained using n-hexane in soxhlet apparatus. The extract was formulated as lemongrass extractemugel (LGEM) 1 and 2 % w/w. Organoleptic properties, spreadability, pH, skin irritation test and the mosquito repellanteffects of the emugelwere evaluated. The percentage repellency (R) and complete protection time (CPT) were determined and compared with N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET). Results: LGEEM 1& 2 % w/w exhibited good speadabilty, had pH in the range of 5.3 – 8, and was non-irritant to the skin. Mosquito repellency, R was concentration dependent, above 83 % in LGEEM 2%. The CPTwas 5h and 8h for LGEM and DEET respectively. Conclusion: LGEEMis potentialsubstitute to DEET for topical application as mosquito repellant. Improving gel stability might prolong CPT and repellant efficiency. Further study is under way and would constitute separate report. john.alfa@binghamuni.edu.ng 2024-03-30T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1575 HEALTH CARE PROVIDER PERSPECTIVE ON THE BURDEN AND AWARENESS OF HEPATITIS B AND C IN KAFANCHAN, KADUNA STATE NIGERIA ALFA, John Viruses that target the liver primarily are described as hepatotropic viruses, with each of them causing clinically significant hepatitis and in some cases leading to the development of chronic viral hepatitis. Six human viruses have been identified, including hepatitis A B C and D (HDV), with the potential to cause acute inflammation of the liver, resulting in acute hepatitis carcinoma. This study was to determine the healthcare provider’s awareness of hepatitis B and C in Kafanchan, Kaduna state, Nigeria with emphases on hepatis B due to its prevalence.Majority of respondents were within the age of 30 years (46.0 %), Male (65.0 %), Female (35.0 %). Seventy-eight percent (116) of respondents indicated that Hepatitis C and B awareness was not enough while 13 % (20) reported adequacy of sensitization. Majority of the respondents (97.01 %) believed in existence of cure for HCV and HBV, while 19.5 % said there was no cure. john.alfa@binghamuni.edu.ng 2024-03-30T00:00:00Z